منابع مشابه
Complete forcing numbers of polyphenyl systems
The idea of “forcing” has long been used in many research fields, such as colorings, orientations, geodetics and dominating sets in graph theory, as well as Latin squares, block designs and Steiner systems in combinatorics (see [1] and the references therein). Recently, the forcing on perfect matchings has been attracting more researchers attention. A forcing set of M is a subset of M contained...
متن کاملcomplete forcing numbers of polyphenyl systems
the idea of “forcing” has long been used in many research fields, such as colorings, orientations, geodetics and dominating sets in graph theory, as well as latin squares, block designs and steiner systems in combinatorics (see [1] and the references therein). recently, the forcing on perfect matchings has been attracting more researchers attention. a forcing set of m is a subset of m contained...
متن کاملGraphs with Extremal Connected Forcing Numbers
Zero forcing is an iterative graph coloring process where at each discrete time step, a colored vertex with a single uncolored neighbor forces that neighbor to become colored. The zero forcing number of a graph is the cardinality of the smallest set of initially colored vertices which forces the entire graph to eventually become colored. Connected forcing is a variant of zero forcing in which t...
متن کاملOn the forcing geodetic and forcing Steiner numbers of a graph
For a connected graph G = (V,E), a set W ⊆ V is called a Steiner set of G if every vertex of G is contained in a Steiner W -tree of G. The Steiner number s(G) of G is the minimum cardinality of its Steiner sets and any Steiner set of cardinality s(G) is a minimum Steiner set of G. For a minimum Steiner set W of G, a subset T ⊆ W is called a forcing subset for W if W is the unique minimum Steine...
متن کاملLocal Acoustic Forcing of a Wing at Low Reynolds Numbers
At transitional Reynolds numbers 104 − 105 , many smooth airfoils experience laminar flow separation and possible turbulent reattachment, where the occurrence of either state is strongly influenced by small changes in the surrounding environment. TheEppler 387 airfoil is one ofmany airfoils that can havemultiple lift and drag states at a single wing incidence angle. Prestall hysteresis and abru...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Algebra
سال: 2000
ISSN: 0021-8693
DOI: 10.1006/jabr.1999.7991